The vitamin-C-retard-pearls in the Long-Term Vitamin C plus Zinc capsules release the essential vitamin C slowly for a period of 10 hours. One capsule covers the triple daily requirement of vitamin C. A continuous supply with vitamin C makes sure that – also by physical strain and stress-always enough vitamin C is available to strain the body`s defences. Vitamin C supports the body`s defences and helps with its antioxidant capacities to fight off so called free radicals, which stress the body and are provoked by sports, long sun-baths or smoking. Zinc is a vital trace element. It is part of a variety of enzymes and participates in important functions of the human organism and has a positive effect onto the body’s defences. One Long-Term Vitamin C plus Zinc capsule contains 5 mg zinc. The recommended daily allowance (RDA) of vitamin C is 100 mg for adults and juveniles.
1. General information about vitamin C:
Vitamin C appears in a white crystal form and is readily soluble in water. The amount of ascorbic acid varies in different tissues. The adrenal and pituitary tissue, brain, pancreas, kidney, liver, and spleen have relatively high concentrations. Blood cells contain even more than the blood stream. Vitamin C should be consumed every day because it is not fat soluble and therefore can not be stored for later use.
Vitamin C is necessary in the body to form collagen in bones, cartilage, muscle, and blood vessels and aids in the absorption of iron. Function of vitamin C in the formation of collagen is most significant in its roles. Collagen is a protein substance that cements the cells together. Failure to synthesis collagen results in delayed healing of wounds.
Skin care and maintenance
One of the very most important ingredients in skin care treatment is vitamin C .vitamin C moisturizes skin and encourages growth of collagen .It also softens, exfoliates and cleanses and helps remove wrinkles from the skin .Collagen gives structure and strength to the skin .By growing older there is a normal reduction of the production of collagen in the body and this is revealed by the appearance of wrinkles on the skin. Thus stimulation of producing collagen by vitamin C makes this process to be reversed, at least temporarily. Vitamin C also does serve as an antioxidant when put on the skin. Free radicals or oxidants in the skin, cause greater harm when they are exposed to the ultraviolet rays of the sun, and can destroy the skin and produce cancer.
Health ,Vitality and Endurance
Vitamin C promotes healing and protects against all forms of stress –physical and mental – it also provides protection against the harmful effects of toxic chemicals in the environment, food, and water and counteracts the toxic effects of drugs.
For healthy gums and teeth
Vitamin C is one of the most important nutrients for healthy teeth and gums. It is an antioxidant that reduces inflammation, boosts the immune system to help fight bacteria that cause infection in teeth and heals the gums.
Effects on hormone and glands function
This vitamin is necessary for proper functioning of the adrenal and thyroid glands.Adrenal glands are rich in vitamin C. Scientists hypothesized that the adrenal glands secrete vitamin C after simulated stress and that tight control of plasma vitamin C concentrations would permit intraadrenal vitamin C concentrations to be far higher than those in peripheral veins.
Maintenance of bones
Vitamin C assists in the formation of collagen. On the nature of healthy bones, bone mineral is laid down over a protein matrix called collagen. Collagen is abundant in the connective tissue of cartilage and bone — in fact, it makes up about 30% of our bones, serving as a support structure for mineral deposits and giving bone its resilience. In addition to its role in collagen formation, vitamin C appears to stimulate the cells that build bone, enhance calcium absorption, and enhance vitamin D’s effect on bone metabolism. A third role for vitamin C and bones is in the synthesis and optimal functioning of adrenal steroid hormones, which play a vital role in bone health — especially during perimenopause and menopause, when ovarian production of these hormones slows.
Important antioxidant
Vitamin C is one of the many antioxidants. Vitamin E and beta-carotene are two other well known antioxidants .Antioxidants are nutrients that block some of the damage caused by free radicals. Building up of free radicals over time is largely responsible for the aging process and can contribute to the development of various health conditions such as cancers, heart disease and a host of inflammatory conditions like arthritis. Antioxidants also helps reduce the damage to the body caused by toxic chemicals and pollutants such as cigarette smoke.
Role in neurotransmitter synthesis
Vitamin C also plays an important role in the synthesis of the neurotransmitter norepinephrine .Neurotransmitters are critical to brain function and are known to affect mood.
Role in cholesterol and fat metabolism
Vitamin C is required for the synthesis of carnitine, a small molecule that is essential for the transport of fat to cellular organelles called mitochondria, for conversion to energy .Recent research also suggests that vitamin C is involved in the metabolism of cholesterol to bile acids, which may have implications for blood cholesterol levels and the incidence of gallstones.
Immunity enhancement
Vitamin C helps some of our most important body systems. First and foremost, it helps the immune system to fight off foreign invaders and tumor cells. Vitamin C also supports the cardiovascular system by facilitating fat metabolism and protecting tissues from free radical damage, and it assists the nervous system by converting certain amino acids into neurotransmitters.
Vitamin C can enhance the body's resistance to an assortment of diseases, including infectious disorders and many types of cancer. It strengthens and protects the immune system by stimulating the activity of antibodies and immune system cells such as phagocytes and neutrophils.
Cancer prevention
A large number of studies have shown that increased consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables that contains high amounts of vitamin C is associated with a reduced risk for most types of cancer. Most have shown that higher intakes of vitamin C are associated with decreased incidence of cancers of the mouth, throat and vocal chords, esophagus, stomach, colon-rectum, and lung.
Prevention of common cold symptoms
Scientific studies show that vitamin C is critical for enhance functions of immune system and in this way prevents common cold symptoms. It has been suggested that low levels of vitamin C (or other antioxidants) may increase the risk of developing asthma.
Deficiency of vitamin C results in soft gums, skin hemorrhages, and capillary weakness, deterioration in collagen, anemia, and slow healing of sores and wounds .It may lead to premature aging, thyroid insufficiency and lowered resistance to all infections. Its deficiency enhances the toxic effect of drugs and environmental poisons .Mild deficiencies of vitamin C may be appear in the form of lassitude, fatigue, anorexia, muscular pain and greater susceptibility to infections. A prolonged deficiency may cause scurvy. Symptoms of scurvy include bleeding and bruising easily, hair and tooth loss, joint pain and swelling that appears to be related to the weakening of blood vessels, connective tissues, and bone which contain collagen. Scurvy is rare in developed countries because it can be prevented by as little as 10 mg of vitamin C daily.
All fruits and vegetables contain some amount of vitamin C .Foods that tend to be the highest sources of vitamin C include green peppers ,citrus fruits and juice ,tomatoes ,and others.
Scurvy is caused by a dietary deficiency of vitamin C. Although scurvy is uncommon, it may occur in malnourished individuals, those with increased vitamin C requirements (such as pregnant or breastfeeding women), or in infants whose only source of nourishment is breast milk. Vitamin C administered by mouth or injection is effective for curing scurvy. If vitamin C is not available, orange juice can be used for infantile scurvy. Symptoms should begin to improve within 24-48 hours, with resolution within seven days. Treatment should be under strict medical supervision.
2. Common cold prevention (extreme environments)
Scientific studies generally suggest that vitamin C does not prevent the onset of cold symptoms. However, in a subset of studies in people living in extreme climates or under extraordinary conditions, including soldiers in sub-arctic exercises, skiers, and marathon runners, vitamin C significantly reduced the risk of developing colds by approximately 50%. This area merits more study and may be of particular interest to elite athletes or military personnel.
3. Iron absorption enhancement
Based on scientific research, vitamin C appears to improve oral absorption of iron. Concurrent vitamin C may aid in the absorption of iron dietary supplements.
4. Urinary tract infection (during pregnancy)
Vitamin C may decrease the risk of developing urinary tract infections during pregnancy. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
5. Asthma
It has been suggested that low levels of vitamin C (or other antioxidants) may increase the risk of developing asthma. The use of vitamin C for the treatment of asthma has been studied since the 1980s (particularly exercise-induced asthma), although the evidence in this area remains inconclusive. More research is needed before a clear conclusion can be drawn.
6. Cancer prevention
Dietary intake of fruits and vegetables high in vitamin C has been associated with a reduced risk of various types of cancer in population studies (particularly cancers of the mouth, esophagus, stomach, colon, or lung). However, it is not clear that a benefit comes specifically from the vitamin C in these foods, and vitamin C supplements have not been found to be associated with this protective effect. Experts have recommended increasing dietary consumption of fruits and vegetables high in vitamin C, such as asparagus, berries, broccoli, cabbage, melon (cantaloupe, honeydew, watermelon), cauliflower, citrus fruits (lemons, oranges), fortified breads/grains/cereal, kale, kiwi, potatoes, spinach, and tomatoes.
7. Cancer treatment
Vitamin C has a long history of adjunctive use in cancer therapy, and although there has not been any definite evidence of a benefit from injected (or oral) vitamin C, there is evidence that it has benefit in some cases. More well-designed studies are needed before a firm recommendation can be made.
8. Complex regional pain syndrome
Clinical study suggests that vitamin C may prevent complex regional pain syndrome among elderly female patients with wrist fracture. This area merits additional study.
9. Ischemic heart disease
Due to its antioxidant properties, vitamin C has been used in patients with ischemic heart disease. Early data suggest that vitamin C may have a benefit on blood flow in the heart but more research is needed to confirm these findings.
10. Metabolic abnormalities (alkaptonuria)
Alkaptonuria is a disorder characterized by the absence of the enzyme homogentisic acid oxidase, which causes homogentisic acid to collect in the blood and urine. Limited research reports that daily high-dose vitamin C may provide relief of symptoms and slow progression of complications of this disorder. More study is merited in this area.
11. Plaque/ calculus on teeth
In early studies, reduced amounts of calculus, visible plaque, and bleeding gum sites were observed after the use of vitamin C chewing gum. Further research is needed to confirm these results
12. Pneumonia (prevention)
Vitamin C may play a role in the prevention of pneumonia. However, further research is needed to confirm these results.
13. Prostate cancer
Vitamin C has been used in prostate cancer but there is currently a lack of evidence to determine its effect in this disease.
14. Skin damage caused by the sun (UVA-induced)
Vitamin C and vitamin E applied to the skin may not prevent UVA-induced skin damage (suntan). Further research is needed to confirm these findings.
Limited evidence suggests a role for vitamin C in perifollicular pigmentation, which comprises increased color pigment near the hair follicle.
16. Stroke prevention
There are variable results of studies that have measured the association of vitamin C intake and risk of stroke. Some studies have reported no benefits, while others report that daily low-dose vitamin C may reduce the risk of death from stroke. More research is merited in this area. Individuals at risk of having a stroke should speak with their healthcare provider about the role of vitamin C supplements in stroke prevention.
17. Cataracts (prevention/progression)
Although early population research suggested a reduction in cataract formation among individuals taking vitamin C for at least 10 years, subsequent research found no reduction in the seven-year risk of age-related cataract formation or progression with the use of daily vitamin C.
18. Common cold prevention (general)
More than 30 clinical trials including more than 10,000 participants have examined the effects of taking daily vitamin C on cold prevention. Overall, no significant reduction in the risk of developing colds has been observed. In people who developed colds while taking vitamin C, no difference in severity of symptoms has been seen overall, although a very small significant reduction in the duration of colds has been reported (approximately 10% in adults and 15% in children). Laboratory experiments in which volunteers were infected with respiratory viruses while taking vitamin C have yielded conflicting results, but overall they reported small or no significant differences in symptom severity following infection.Notably, a subset of studies in people living in extreme circumstances, including soldiers in sub-arctic exercises, skiers, and marathon runners, have reported a significant reduction in the risk of developing a cold of approximately 50%. This area merits additional study, and may be of particular interest to elite athletes or military personnel.
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